MODULE 10 Activity 1 & 2

1. Discuss one of the issues taken up in this module from the point of view of the preliminary and finalist theories discussed in Module 3 and 4. Note that you must discuss the issue you choose from six perspectives (three preliminary theories and three finalist theorist). To put it another way, you must come up with six-perspective on the issue.

Issue regarding PORNOGRAPHY

PRELIMINARY THEORIES
Ethical Relativism
In this part of moral principle, pornography can be considered as immoral for us and it may not immoral for them. This moral principle determines the nature of moral actions, a certain acts that are usually consider morally bad may be morally permissible under certain circumstances or exceptional cases. Pornography may not be morally bad in all cases, as nudity of the human body may be considered artistic. In some countries, the display of vulgar and indecent materials is not considered immoral by itself, Hence, pornography in the net is tolerated. In other countries, pornography is considered a violation of decency and morality, and hence, frowned upon. This notion of relative morality also explains why in some countries censorship is legal while in other countries censorship is frowned upon.
Ethical Absolutism
Ethical absolutism asserts that there should be fixed or rigid factors in evaluating actions and must follow a consistent ethical standard. Pornography is morally bad if we talk about the natural law, Plato likewise regards natural law as a discipline that every human being must observed and adhere to go that the individual and the common good may be realized or attained. From these precepts, the principles of law are derived. The laws that govern computing may very well be considered as being derived from natural law. This is because computer abuse, piracy, plagiarism and pornography are human actions that violate righteousness, justice, equity and fairness.
Ethical Egoism & Ethical Altruism
Ethical egoism is one of the principles of morality that usually use to support certain ethical judgment. In the pornography issues, ethical egoism shows the feeling of satisfaction of the one who made it maybe he/she feels of being superior over others in terms of new ideas, presentation, showing skills and other field of expertise. On the other hand, altruism also determined the pleasure felt by the person doing it but more pleasure for the other. In pornography issues, the one who make it maybe feels that he/she give a contribution to the computer users who look for a pornography site sample.


FINALIST THEORIES
Utilitarianism
According to Jonh Stuart Mill’s, Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that holds actions which bring happiness considered morally right while those actions that inhibit happiness are considered morally wrong. Those who practicing pornography and they are enjoying while doing and watching it, their actions promotes happiness and pleasure and the consequences of that action are more favorable for them.
Categorical Imperatives
In this ethical theory, that an act is good not because of certain consequences that occur in its performance or on the basis of its end-result but, because of the willingness that accompanies the act. The one who make pornography or a system or a kind of website which caused bad in our sight, some of them are just doing their job and maybe it is because their talent or skills are in-demand in that field, so,, in that way even they did not foresee its en and as long as they give their best and willingness for a good result.
Aristotle’s Nocomachean Ethics
This another ethical theory from Aristotle focused on virtue of ethics. The computer user, as an agent of morality should be in complete control of his/her actions through the use of reason. This means that he/she should be able to act in accord with that which is virtuous without succumbing to influence outside of his/her will. When a computer user does something, he/she does so because he/she willed it. A firm disposition is also called for in order that the agent’s act would not be influence by anything other than his/her own reason. This means, that every situation happen to us it is because we allow it to happen. In connection with the pornography issues, our motive shows in the outcome of our work. Every person that contribute to make this pornography issues spread out has a cleared motive of getting the attentions of very computer user and through the response of the other computer users this pornography issues become a widespread problem especially in our country.

2. If you were granted indefinite and unrestricted access to the Internet, would you be interested to join a chat group that holds no barrier as far as free expression and communication are concerned? Why? Why not?

Chat groups can easily degenerate into a dubious educational tool. One only needs to tune in to a typical chat room to quickly appreciate the banality of the conversation. An important exception is that chat groups can serve as a "live" means of communication during war or large-scale natural disaster when regular news channels may be delayed in reporting information. You may wish to consider developing chat group capability for such events. (Of course, at such times chat groups may do more to contribute to the rapid spread of rumors than much else.) Even if I have given a lot of time to access directly to the internet and to have a chat in a group, still I am not interested because this can be troublesome in an educational setting because real-time conversation can often stray into banal chatter. There is also the risk of becoming a participant in a chat group that is "inappropriate."